The different colors of the standard vacuum sampling head cover and label represent different additive types and test purposes, so the corresponding test tubes can be selected according to requirements. The color of vacuum blood collection vessels is generally divided into the following types:
The inner wall of the blood collection vessel is evenly coated with agents (silicone oil) to prevent wall hanging. It uses the principle of natural blood coagulation to coagulate the blood. After the serum is naturally separated out, it is centrifuged.
It is mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, kidney function, myocardial enzyme, amylase, etc.), electrolytes (serum potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, etc.), thyroid function, drug detection, AIDS detection, tumor markers, serum immunology.
The inner wall of the blood collection vessel is evenly coated with silicone oil to prevent wall hanging, and coagulants are added at the same time. Coagulant can activate fibrin, turn soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin polymer, and then form a stable fibrin clot. If you want to get results quickly, you can use a coagulant tube, which generally coagulates the collected blood within 5 minutes. it is generally used for emergency biochemistry.
The pipe wall is silicified and coated with a coagulant, which can accelerate the coagulation of blood and shorten the test time. A separating gel is added in the tube. The separating gel tube has a good affinity and plays an isolating role. Generally, even on an ordinary centrifuge, the separating gel can completely separate the liquid components (serum) and solid components (blood cells) in the blood and accumulate in the test tube to form a barrier. After centrifugation, no oil drops are produced in the serum, so the machine will not be blocked.
It is mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, kidney function, myocardial enzyme, amylase, etc.), electrolytes (serum potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, etc.), thyroid function, drug detection, AIDS detection, tumor markers, PCR, torch, serum immunology detection, etc.
Heparin is a kind of mucopolysaccharide containing sulfate group, with a strong negative charge, which can strengthen the action of antithrombin III by inactivating serine protease, so as to prevent the formation of thrombin and prevent platelet aggregation.
Heparin tubes are generally used for the detection of emergency biochemistry, torch, and hemorheology. When testing sodium ions in blood samples, heparin sodium tubes cannot be used to avoid affecting the test results. Nor can it be used for leukocyte counting and classification, because heparin will cause leukocyte aggregation.
EDTA is an amino polycarboxylic acid, which can effectively chelate calcium ions in the blood. Chelated calcium will remove calcium from the reaction point, prevent and terminate endogenous or exogenous coagulation processes, and thus prevent blood coagulation. Compared with other anticoagulants, EDTA has little effect on the agglutination of blood cells and the morphology of blood cells, so EDTA salts (2k, 3k, 2Na) are usually used as anticoagulants. It is used for general Hematology (blood routine) examination and blood ammonia detection. It cannot be used for hemagglutination and trace element examination.
Sodium citrate chelates with calcium ions in blood samples to act as anticoagulant. The ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:9. It is mainly used in fibrinolytic system (prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial thrombin time, fibrinogen). When taking blood, pay attention to the amount of blood taken (2ml) to ensure the accuracy of the test results. After taking blood, immediately reverse and mix it for 8-10 times.
The volume ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:4, which is generally used for ESR detection. When the proportion of anticoagulants is too high, the blood is diluted, which can speed up ESR. When taking blood, pay attention to the amount of blood taken (2ml) to ensure the accuracy of the test results. After taking blood, immediately reverse and mix it for 8-10 times.
Sodium fluoride is a weak anticoagulant, which has a good effect of preventing blood glucose degradation. It is an excellent preservative for blood glucose detection. When using it, you should pay attention to slowly reverse and mix it evenly. It is generally used for blood glucose detection, not for urea determination by the Urease method, nor for alkaline phosphatase and amylase detection.
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